Question 25 (brainliest+20 points i could really use some ) using the codon wheel or chart shown above, determine the amino acid sequence encoded by the mrna strand below. mrna: gcu - aau - guc amino acid sequence: ? - ? - ? question 26 you must answer both parts of this question to earn full credit. a. use the codon wheel or chart above to determine the amino acids encoded by the following mrna sequences: uag, uga, and uaa. b. if a ribosome reads the mrna sequence uag, uga, or uaa during translation, what will happen?

Ans. 25.

Messenger RNA or mRNA has genetic information in the form of triplet codes, called as codons. These codons are made up of three nucleotide bases and each codon codes for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis.

According to codon chart, GCU codes for alanine (Ala), AAU codes for asparagine (Asn), and GUC codes for valine (Val). Thus, the amino acid sequence for the mRNA strand GCU - AAU - GUC is Ala-Asn-Val.

Ans. 26.

a). There are a total of sixty-four codons, made up of combinations of four nucleotide bases (4 X 4 X 4= 64). Out of sixty four codons, sixty one codons code for twenty amino acids that make proteins, while three codons (UAG, UGA, UAA) do not code for any amino acid and act as stop codons. Thus, no protein will be form with the mRNA strand UAG-UGA-UAA.

b). The UAG, UGA, and UAA are stop codons that act as signals to terminate the translation during protein synthesis. Thus, if a ribosome reads the mRNA sequence UAG, UGA, and UAA during translation, it will lead to termination of protein synthesis.

an individual’s sex (i.e., whether they are a male or female) is determined by the sex chromosomes. most people have two sex chromosomes, one that is inherited from their mother and one that is inherited from their father. typically, females have two x chromosomes (xx) and males have one x chromosome and one y chromosome (xy). conditions caused by changes (“mutations”) in genes located on the x chromosome are considered x-linked.

x-linked recessive inheritance

most x-linked conditions are recessive. this means that in a person with two x chromosomes (most females), both copies of a gene (i.e., one on each x chromosome) must have a change or mutation whereas in a person with one x chromosome (most males), only one copy of a gene must have a mutation. a female with a mutation in one copy of a gene on the x chromosome is said to be a “carrier” for an x-linked condition. a male with a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome is typically affected with the condition. because females have two copies of the x chromosome and males have only one x chromosome, x-linked recessive diseases are more common among males than females. however, x-linked recessive diseases can occur in both males and females.

for x-linked recessive disorders, an unaffected carrier mother who has a mutation in a gene on the x chromosome can transmit either the x chromosome with this mutation or a “normal” x chromosome to her children. if the father is unaffected, none of her daughters will be affected and all of her daughters will be unaffected—since they will inherit at least one normal x chromosome from their father. however, each daughter will have a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like her mother and a 50% chance of both x chromosomes being normal.

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