Genes are a segment of dna contining a set of instructions for making a protein? true or false

Yes, the statement is true. Gene is a region or segment of DNA which codes for either a protein or RNA. The basic unit of heredity we say is a gene. This segment or gene contains all the information or we can say instruction for the formation of a protein molecule. These genes which code for specific proteins are responsible for the phenotype of the individual.  

not the best question format lol but what i think might as scale color is controlled by a single gene with two alleles, the green allele and the yellow allele. when moths that are homozygous for green scales are mated with moths that are homozygous for yellow scales, 100% of the offspring have green scales.