Questions 15 and 16 i need to know why for 15 4 is correct and for 16 why 1 is correct. !

The answer to 15 is 4 because cellular respiration in the process that produces ATP. Protein synthesis, photosynthesis, and digestion don't directly produce ATP. Carbon dioxide is a by-product of cellular respiration.

Looking at your answer to number 16, I think you might have confused cellular respiration with "regular respiration" or breathing. We breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide because the mitochondria in our cells require oxygen to produce ATP, and release carbon dioxide as a byproduct.

Therefore, number 16 isn't cellular respiration. It's not happening within a cell, it's not producing ATP, and mitochondria aren't involved. Instead, it takes place in the lungs (because the alveolus is part of the lungs). You can see that carbon dioxide is being removed from the blood and oxygen is being added. This is the process of gas exchange.

Check out this video for more info on cellular respiration: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-respiration-and-fermentation/overview-of-cellular-respiration-steps/v/overview-of-cellular-respiration

And this one for more about gas exchange: https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/respiratory-system/gas-exchange-jv/v/oxygen-movement-from-alveoli-to-capillaries

Hope that helps! Feel free to ask if you need clarification or anything :)

emerging idea only occurs as a raw idea that could appear out of nowhere. meanwhile, to reach scientific consensus , that idea must be structured and tested over and over again through various experiments. the scientific consensus transforms the raw idea into idea that is more reliable through the process of scientific elimination.