Which structures are found in all viruses

Ans.

Viruses can be defines as small infectious inert agents that get active inside the living host cells.

All viruses have two common structures, which are genetic material (nucleic acid) and protein coat.

The genetic material of viruses include single or double stranded DNA or single or double stranded RNA that contains all the genetic information. The protein coat is known as capsid that protects the genetic material from external environment.

Thus, the correct answer is nucleic acid and genetic material.

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.