How is antibiotic resistance an adaptation? a. the trait giving bacteria antibiotic resistance has reproductively isolated groups of bacteria. b. antibiotic resistance has caused antibiotics to become more specialized, thus adapting the antibiotics to particular bacteria species. c. antibiotic resistance makes it more difficult for bacteria to infect hosts, thus is a selective advantage for the host. d. the trait giving bacteria antibiotic resistance has become common, giving bacteria with the trait a selective advantage. !

Antibiotic resistance is a consequence of evolution via natural selection. The antibiotic action is an environmental pressure; those bacteria which have a mutation allowing them to survive will live on to reproduce. They will then pass this trait to their offspring, which will be a fully resistant generation.

sexual reproduction produces offspring with novel combinations of genes. species that reproduce sexually must maintain two different types of individuals, males and females, which can limit the ability to colonize new habitats as both sexes must be present.

i am positive it is c. condensing but i may be wrong