Substances that are going to move against their concentration gradient (from low concentration to high concentration) will use which type(s) of membrane transport?

The correct answer is active transport.

For this kind of transport the cell requires energy, usually in the form of ATP, to move a molecule against its concentration gradient.

There are two types of active transport:

Primary active transport which directly uses a source of chemical energy to move molecules. Example: sodium-potassium pump

Secondary active transport (cotransport), which uses an electrochemical gradient (generated by active transport)as an energy source to move molecules. Example: glucose symporter SGLT1

Answer;

-Active transport

Explanation;

-Active transport involves movement of substances against a concentration gradient. To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, a cell must use energy.

-Dissolved molecules move across a cell membrane from a lower to a higher concentration. In active transport, particles move against the concentration gradient and therefore require an input of energy from the cell.

-Additionally, active transport require carrier proteins (solute pumps). Protein carriers bind specifically and reversibly with substance being moved . Some carriers transport more than one substance. Antiporters transport one substance into cell while transporting a different substance out of cell, while symporters transport two different substances in the same direction.

b. climate change will cause an increase in biodiversity of all ecosystems.

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