Which of the following is an adaptation to permafrost?
a. retention of dead leaves
b. dense hairs
c. shallow roots
d. waxy leaves

it is C. Shallow roots,  for those using edginuity just took the test

succession returns a disturbed

ecosystem to a more stable state. this is also classified into two (2) types:

primary succession and secondary succession. the primary succession arises when

a new land is transformed and a bare rock has been exposed providing an environment

that can be occupied for the first time. while, secondary succession occurs

when a previously occupied environment was disturbed that kills much of all its

community

explanation:

meiosis is the first to occur after the nuclei of opposite of opposite mating types fuse