Why do different atoms have the ability to make different number of bonds ?

It has to do with the number of electrons and the position of them.

Eukaryotic cells are theorized to have evolved from prokaryotes called the endosymbiotic theory. this explains that the most primitive eukaryotic cell engulfed a prokaryotic cell (by the process of phagocytosis) that is capable of cellular respiration and another prokaryotic cell that is capable of photosynthesis. these prokaryotic cells eventually became organelles and these organelles are the mitochondria and the chloroplast