Contrast a food chain with a food web, and include the total % of energy which is conserved between each level of a food chain

Food chain includes different species, each with a different specific tropic level. Only one type of species consumes the species in the previous tropic level. Meanwhile, food web includes several food chains, interacting with each other. One type of species can have a few different types of consumers, and each species can also be in several tropic levels at the same time.

Only around 8% to 10% of energy is conserved between each trophic level in a food chain. This is because organisms tend to loose most of its energy through life processes like excretion or movement, or also because there are some parts of organisms that are un-digestable, such as hair.

answer: carbon 14 can only be used to determine the age of the organisms that were once living, and igneous rocks are non living.

explanation:

carbon 14 dating is used to determine the age of the sample by estimating the amount of carbon 14 present in the sample and then comparing it with a reference standard.carbon 14 is a isotope of carbon which is radioactive and unstable. carbon 14 is assimilated by all plants and animals throughout their life from carbon dioxide. however, one the organisms die they stop this assimilation and the carbon 14 content starts to decrease.by knowing how much of carbon 14 is left in an organism after his death, one can estimate the age of the organism. the materials whose age can be estimated by carbon 14 method are the organic compounds. however, some inorganic compounds such as aragonite   shell can also be dated.however, if we consider the igneous rocks it is a non living component which never accumulated carbon 14 in it and thus, we cannot use carbon 14 dating method to estimate its age.