Freddy understands that if tree a is taller than tree b and tree b is taller than tree c, then tree a is taller than tree c. this understanding demonstrates classification reversibility hypothetical deduction transitive inference

The right option is transitive inference

Transitive inference is a form of deductive reasoning in which the relationship between items that have not been clearly assessed is derived. Transitive inference gives the ability to conclude that if item A is related to Item B and Item B is related to Item D, then Item A must be related to Item D. From the question given above, the understanding demonstrates transitive inference.

the darker peppered moth species were favored due to the fact that the industrial revolution had made all the nearby trees a darker color instead of white.

it would be heredity