How many electrons does phosphorus have in its valence shell?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
e. 5

Which of the following statements is a scientific claim? a. the early solar system had large amounts of water; so, the oldest objects in the solar system should also be abundant in water. b. earth is shaped like a sphere even if not all of the scientific observations related to its shape support this idea. c. the mass of the universe is much greater than current models predict; it is not possible to explain this inconsistency. d. planet earth is abundant in water, but there is no way to scientifically determine from where earth's water originated.