Thin translucent veils of color applied over a thicker layer of black and white painting is called and is unique to only oil painting.

The astronaut at the bottom

Beethoven was a deaf man and couldnt hear. he became famous for his classical pieces. and there ye go.vivaldi was a true one hit wonder classical artist. hes known for his classical piece the four seasons. he was although wasn't as great as beethoven and yea 'ere ye a go.

Answerthe third and fourth;

Trumpets, saxophone, trombone, flute, french horn  mostly in jazz or classic.  you can answer the rest thats on your own honestly