Ashort story that clearly illustrates a lesson and usually includes an animal as the main character

Such a story is called a fable. 

Fables usually include an animal that can be real or mythical. It usually has some qualities that a person would have. Sometimes these animals can be nice and sweet, yet in other fables they can have a mean character. However, every fable has a certain lesson which helps people understand a certain idea.

Elp is the correct answer

Answerrelics;