Which sentence contains a metaphor? The couch was a fluffy white cloud that ferried her to dreamland.

The hum of the computer made Jamal relax.

The sound of the popsicle crunching sent a shiver down Chad's spine.

A pile of crumpled papers fell out of his bag like an avalanche.

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !