Which of the following methods could be used by a farmer to conserve water and prevent pollution? a. water crops at night and use less pesticides
b. use contour plowing and distribute natural pesticides
c. water crops during the day and use more artificial pesticides
d. use a sprinkler system to water crops and distribute organic pesticides

the correct answer would be "the amiens cathedral"

i'm not sure i completely understand your question, but i will do my best.

i think the answer you are looking for is sequence. (see below)

a repeated melodic fragment would be best defined as repetition, while repeated chords (different or the same) could be a chord progression. however, you then mentioned the chord and melodic fragment beginning on higher or lower pitches, in that case, the answer could be best defined as a sequence. the definition of a sequence is as follows: "the restatement of a motif or longer melodic (or harmonic) passage at a higher or lower pitch in the same voice."

let me know if this !