Look at this painting done by gustave courbet in 1853. what distinguishes
this painting from the portraiture and religious paintings of the previous
century?
the wrestlers, by gustave courbet (1853)

You do not see contemporary artist using chiaroscuro as much anymore, because it was used at a time when there were only candles and firelight for nighttime illumination. many of the paintings that used chiaroscuro did so to depict people who were around candlelight. this to illuminate their forms and create a dramatic effect. because we have modern electricity and light, the technique isn't seen as frequently in present day art.