Identify the type of sampling bias guaranteed to occur in each of the sampling schemes, based on the information provided. Some sampling schemes have two types of bias. A political poll is conducted by contacting people on landline phones.

A political poll is administered by contacting people on landline phones. The pollsters contacted 20000 households, and 4747 individuals agreed to speak with the caller.

A political poll is conducted by allowing users to register on a website and fill out an online survey.

A political poll asks the question, "If you found out that Candidate A was given a large sum of money by Special Interest Group B, would that change your opinion of how hypocritical Candidate A is?"

Answer Bank:

Wording of question

Nonresponse

Undercoverage

Voluntary Response

Lunches in us high schools are lacking adequate nutritional value. the menus have become increasingly varied over the past two decades, and they are varied to a fault. now high school students can choose between healthy main dishes and "junk food" items offered à la carte on the school menu. milkshakes and fries are often the lunch of choice for america’s youth. fourteen-year-old alira sanson from grand rapids, michigan, admits, "i love my high school's menu. it is much better than middle school food. i eat a giant chocolate chip cookie and a bag of chips for lunch every day—because i can." the middle school menu alira refers to is the government-regulated hot lunch mandated in elementary and middle schools across the nation. lunches at the high school level are often under site-based management, and food service officials are under pressure to provide food that sells. this pressure renders unhealthy choices, and the resulting menus are detrimental to students. what is the topic of this passage? a. high school food is better than middle school food. b. high school students can choose their lunches, but middle school students cannot. c. a comparison of hot lunches in the united states d. the nutritional value of high school lunches