Vry-wwdu-hib join this pls

Which of the following led to a continuation of the treatment in the excerpt above? a)the brutality of the trans-atlantic african slave trade. b)spanish repression after violent native uprisings in new spain during the 16th century. c)european competition to quickly establish colonial holdings in the new world. d)the reliance of the spanish on native americans to provide labor under the encomienda system.

In a government based on the consent of the governed, who has the ultimate authority?

Pleas give me brief explanation about deterministic model in advanced hydrology