In science class you learn that there are approximately 4.158 x 107 km3—or 4.158 x 1019 L— of fresh water on Earth. You also learn that there are approximately 6.7 billion people living on Earth. According to a classmate, this works out to approximately 6.21 x 109 L of fresh water for each person on Earth. Your classmate concludes that reports of water shortages in various parts of the world must be exaggerated. Why is this an invalid conclusion? Support your answer by identifying at least two errors in your classmate's reasoning. Include any calculations that you used to arrive at your answer.

(adapted from m. m. duguid and j. a. goncalo, living large: the powerful overestimate their own height. ) in a study of power and self-image, participants were not told the true purpose of the study; instead, they believed they were participating in a business simulation. researchers randomly assigned participants to a high power(n = 44) or low-power (n = 44) condition. in the high-power condition, participants recalled a time when they had power over others, and in the low-power condition, they recalled a time when others had power over them. participants were asked to adjust the height (in centimeters) of an electronic graphical image (an avatar)of themselves to reflect their personal appearance. results indicated a statistically significant difference in participants’ perceptions of their own height across the two conditions. participants in the high-power condition created taller self-images (mean = 6.0, standard deviation = 1.5) than participants in the low-power condition(mean = 4.0, standard deviation = 1.0). * describe independent variable- describe how researchers measured the independent variable- explain why the researchers can conclude that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables. - explain what statistical significance means in the context of the study.- explain why debriefing would be necessary in the study. -