The basaltic rock that forms volcanic mountains where mantle plumes reach earth's surface is usually composed of what?

According to the article, what are some of the drawbacks of traditional intelligence tests, and what is being done to rectify these issues?

The color contrast between the open ocean and the lagoon between the spit and the mainland. the greater concentration of suspended sediments in the lagoon gives the waters a more turbid appearance. the source of sediment in the lagoon is (are) [(rivers and streams from the mainland) (wind-borne sediment from the spit) (ocean waves washing over the spit) (all of these contribute)].

The use of a beat or a rhythm to remember something is