15. Each guinea pig was placed in a revolving drum. An electric shock caused the animals to run in the revolving drum. A tone was sounded and that was followed with an electric shod. The guinea pig could avoid the shock by running before the shock was given. In other words, making the wheel revolve would eliminate the shock.

Since gaining independence from spain and portugal, many latin american nations have faced similar struggles. choose a common issue discussed in this lesson, such as the influence of military dictatorships, struggles with democracy, or continuing revolutions and coups. in a short paragraph, discuss how that struggle has affected two latin american nations.