The id's attempts at immediate gratification of needs and avoidance of pain are controlled and channeled by the A parents and other authority figures
B. superego
C. ego and superego
D. ego

D). Ego

Explanation:

Sigmund Freud in his psychoanalytic theory presented that human personality consists of three mental structures namely: Id, Ego, and Superego.  The Id is described as the unconscious impulsive component of the personality that consists of the instinctual and aggressive desires while the Superego is described as the moral conscience and the ego is the conscious part of the personality that functions on reality principle to establish the balance between the instinctual and moral desires of Id and the Superego. Thus, 'Ego' functions to channel the Id's attempts to gratify the needs and avoid pain immediately. Thus, option D is the correct answer.