On the left is a square shape and a block letter L shape. Two arrows point to the right where the two shapes are placed together to form a block letter T shape. The image is an example of how we interpret individual elements of a form and make them into a whole, which is a result of processing.
A.
bottom-up
B.
top-down
C.
top-bottom
D.
bottom-top

the answer to the question is punishment. or more specifically, positive punishment.

positive punishment occurs when a behavior is given a negative consequence for the individual doing the behavior.

sara no longer wants to ask questions (the behavior) because she is ridiculed by mr. smith (the punishment).

reinforcement is inaccurate because reinforcement always gives positive consequences for the individual doing the behavior, be it by introducing a pleasant consequence or removing an unpleasant one.

23

explanation:

that is the right anser