Which of the following best explains why goals are necessary for making
allocation decisions?
a. the available resources cannot be used to pursue every goal that
each individual has.
b. goods and services are only meaningful once players have
decided what goals to use them for.
c. production goals can only be met when enough resources are
allocated by the government.
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d. goods can only be distributed to consumers once those
consumers decide on their goals.

The answer is letter A, The available resources cannot be used to pursue every goal that each individual has.

Explanation:

Allocation of resources gives a person an idea on how he/she will distribute the products for its intended purpose. In order to do this, he needs to have an allocation decision, which should be backed by some goals. The goals give the person direction towards the allocation of resources. With one goal, he can tell how much resources he will be using for that.

Resources are not available all the time. Available resources (time, assets, knowledge, employees, etc.) refers to those resources that you have at the moment. Thus, it is deemed necessary to make sure that the goal and the available resources go side-by-side and can play well together.