1. describe the basic signal transduction pathway. explain how cells are programmed to
respond only to signals that carry information that is important to them.
2. explain the role of kinase proteins in phosphorylation cascades. explain how second
messengers can amplify a cellular response.
3. define homeostasis. explain how long distance signaling molecules (hormones) trigger the
negative feedback loops that the body maintain homeostasis.

Manual pipetting creates a musculoskeletal load on the neck, shoulders, and upper limbs and the type of injuries that this can lead to is called repetitive stress injuries.

False is the answer i just took a quiz

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You're asking in the ap section, so i'll give the ap calculus-style answer. alternatively, you can find the vertex of the parabola and use the "y"-coordinate as the answer.

the maximum height can occur at a critical number, that is, a number  such that  .

the derivative of  can be calculated as follows:



find a value of  that is a zero of the derivative:


this is parabola that is opening downward; we can assume there is a maximum at  .

to find that maximum, calculate  .